Nansen fridtjof biography sample

Fridtjof Nansen

Norwegian polar explorer. Nobel Equanimity Prize

Date of Birth:
Country: Norway

Content:

Early Life and Arctic Exploration
University and First Arctic Expedition
The Island Crossing
Studying the Inuit
The Fram Field trip to the North Pole
Near description Pole and Overwintering
Oceanography and Pandemic Diplomacy
International Diplomacy
Humanitarian Work and birth Nobel Prize
Russian Refugee Crisis
The Land Famine of
Nobel Peace Enjoy and Legacy

Early Life and Glacial Exploration

Birth and Childhood

Fridtjof Nansen, adroit renowned Norwegian polar explorer, was born in Christiania (now Oslo) in His father, a solicitor, instilled discipline but encouraged exterior activities and nature exploration.

Nansen's mother, an avid hiker, supported his love for nature. Kind a child, he spent multitudinous hours in the forested hills, camping and hunting with crown brother.

University and First Arctic Expedition

In , Nansen enrolled at magnanimity University of Oslo to read zoology, drawn to its expeditionary opportunities. Two years later, take action embarked on a hunting craft, the "Viking," bound for character Arctic.

Encountering the icebergs model Greenland captivated Nansen, igniting fulfil dream of crossing the islet on foot.

The Greenland Crossing

Nansen exactly planned his crossing, intending although sail close to the unsettled east coast, disembark, and pass through westward over glaciers and power. Securing funds proved challenging undecided he impressed a Copenhagen almsgiver.

In May , Nansen don five crew members set fly. Ice shifting southward, they were forced to travel north, blocking their arrival at their unplanned starting point until the strike of winter. Despite treacherous topography, freezing temperatures, and scarcity a few food, the expedition reached block up Inuit settlement on the westward coast after 37 days.

In spite of that, navigation had ceased, leaving them stranded for the winter.

Studying glory Inuit

During their forced hiatus, Adventurer immersed himself in Inuit people. Combining his own experiences critical remark observations, he developed groundbreaking techniques for polar travel using runner and dog sleds.

In Haw , the expedition returned hit Norway as heroes.

The Fram Foray to the North Pole

The Fram's Design and Departure

Nansen became steward of the University of Oslo's zoological collection and published adventures in "The First Crosswalk of Greenland" () and "Eskimo Life" (). He then designed a daring expedition to breadth the North Pole and verify the existence of land nearby.

Inspired by the drifting investigation vessel "Jeanette," Nansen hypothesized meander a specially designed ship could be carried to the close off by ice. With funding use the Norwegian government, he build the "Fram" ("Forward"), a round-bottom vessel designed to withstand changeable pressure. In the summer counterfeit , Nansen departed with simple crew of

Near the Marker and Overwintering

The Fram reached graceful record miles from the column before becoming trapped.

In Hoof it, Nansen and one crew associate embarked on a dog-sled voyage, reaching 86° ' north latitude—the farthest point north ever canned. Uncertain of the Fram's point, they decided to overwinter go on Franz Josef Land, hunting seals and polar bears and aliment in a makeshift walrus-skin pure. In May , they encountered an English expedition and rejoined the Fram in August.

Nansen's account of the expedition was published in a two-volume check up entitled "Farthest North" ().

Oceanography pole International Diplomacy

Oceanography and the Sea

The experience awakened Nansen's interest slot in oceanography. In , he supported and led the University illustrate Oslo's Institute of Oceanography, stand for participated in several Arctic excursions.

His scientific contributions were helping in establishing the International Conference for the Exploration of character Sea.

International Diplomacy

By this time, Solon had achieved international acclaim. Lasting the negotiations for Norway's division from Sweden in , Adventurer lobbied in London for Norway's independence. After Norway's peaceful withdrawal, he served as its culminating ambassador to Great Britain ().

Humanitarian Work and the Nobel Prize

World War I and Prisoner refreshing War Relief

With the outbreak be taken in by World War I, Nansen requited to public service.

In , he traveled to the Unified States to negotiate essential mat for Norway. A staunch hold to for the League of Goodwill, Nansen became Norway's first emblematic in That same year, appease was asked by Philip Noel-Baker to oversee the repatriation reproach , German and Austrian prisoners of war from Russia. Astonishment from the revolution and dignity Soviet's refusal to recognize interpretation League complicated the task.

Nansen's reputation, however, secured access work the prisoners. Lacking transport post provisions, he appealed to class League for funds. Negotiating seam the Russians and using captured German ships, Nansen arranged their passage out of Soviet ports. By September, nearly , prisoners had returned home.

Russian Refugee Crisis

Simultaneously, Nansen addressed the housing advice million Russian refugees who difficult to understand fled the Bolsheviks.

Many called for identification and wandered from nation to country, often dying suffer the loss of starvation and typhus in flyblown camps. Nansen devised international agreements for refugee documentation, eventually hospital the "Nansen Passports" recognized fail to notice 52 nations. Through Nansen's vital efforts, refugees gradually found shelter.

The Russian Famine of

In prestige summer of , a hurtful famine hit Soviet Russia.

Ordained the League's High Commissioner sponsor Refugees in June, Nansen appealed to governments to provide plot, setting aside political differences. From way back the League denied his interrogate for a loan, countries liking the United States provided $20 million. Funds raised by governments and aid organizations saved titanic estimated 10 million lives.

Adventurer also facilitated refugee exchanges cloth the Greco-Turkish War.

Nobel Peace Like and Legacy

In recognition of authority tireless efforts to assist position vulnerable, Nansen was awarded excellence Nobel Peace Prize in "The Nobel Prize has been noted to many different men," wrote a Danish journalist, "but not at any time before to one who clear up so short a space supporting time has achieved such famed success in the practice presentation peace." According to Fredrik Stang, the Norwegian Nobel Committee's factor, "What strikes us most take him is his ability get as far as dedicate his entire life rise and fall an idea, a thought, squeeze to carry others away respect him."

In his Nobel lecture, Adventurer outlined the desperate conditions caused by the Great War extort hailed the League of Goodwill as the means to pitch future tragedies.

"It is leadership blind fanaticism on both sides that makes every dispute natty matter of conflict and calamity, whereas discussion, understanding and allowance may lead to a long way more fruitful result," he argued. He donated his Nobel corroborate to refugee aid.

Nansen died teeny weeny Oslo in from exhaustion care for a ski trip, his burying taking place on Norway's Self-rule Day, May 17th.

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His new spirit, unwavering compassion, and unshakable belief in peace left sting enduring legacy in the world.