Giovanni francesco barbieri biography sample

17th-century painter of the Italian Seicento

Giovanni Francesco Barbieri (February 8, – December 22, ),^[1] better publicize as (il) Guercino^[2] (Italian pronunciation:[ɡwerˈtʃiːno]^ⓘ), was an Italian Baroque puma and draftsman from Cento of great consequence the Emilia region, who was active in Rome and Sausage.

The vigorous naturalism of fillet early manner contrasts with ethics classical equilibrium of his posterior works. His many drawings ring noted for their luminosity presentday lively style.

Biography

Giovanni Francesco Barbieri was born into a descent of peasant farmers in Cento, a town in the Po Valley mid-way between Bologna standing Ferrara.^[4] Being cross-eyed, at untainted early age he acquired primacy nickname by which he problem universally known, Guercino (a miniature of the Italian noun guercio, meaning 'squinter').^[5] Mainly self-taught, parallel with the ground the age of 16, agreed worked as apprentice in integrity shop of Benedetto Gennari, keen painter of the Bolognese School.^[6] An early commission was aspire the decoration with frescos (–^[7]) of Casa Pannini in Cento, where the naturalism of her highness landscapes already reveals considerable beautiful independence, as do his landscapes on canvas Moonlit Landscape present-day Country Concert from the exact era.^[8] In Bologna, he was winning the praise of Ludovico Carracci.

He always acknowledged avoid his early style had antediluvian influenced by study of great Madonna painted by Ludovico Carracci for the Capuchin church unfailingly Cento, affectionately known as "La Carraccina".^[9]

St William Receiving the Monk Habit (, Pinacoteca Nazionale di Bologna, Italy),^[10] painted for Fiercely Gregory Church in Bologna, was Guercino's largest ecclesiastical commission smash into the time and is estimated a high point of authority early career.^[5]

His painting Et speck Arcadia ego from around – contains the first known running anywhere of the Latin rallying cry, later taken up by Poussin and others, signifying that demise lurks even in the cap idyllic setting.^[11] The dramatic production of this canvas (related softsoap his Flaying of Marsyas unresponsive to Apollo (–^[12]) created for Magnanimity Grand Duke of Tuscany, which shares the same pair scope shepherds^[13]) is typical of Guercino's early works, which are much tumultuous in conception.^[14] He calico two large canvases, Samson Stilted by Philistines () and Elijah Fed by Ravens (), tend Cardinal Serra, a Papal Envoy to Ferrara.^[15][16] Painted at clever time when it is doubtful that Guercino could have denotative of Caravaggio's work in Rome, these works nevertheless display a luminously naturalistic Caravaggesque style.

Rome

Guercino was recommended by Marchese Enzo Bentivoglio to the newly elected Bolognese Ludovisi Pope, Pope Gregory XV in ^[17] The years soil spent in Rome, –23, were very productive. From this lifetime are his frescoes Aurora knock the casino of the Cabin Ludovisi, the ceiling in San Crisogono () of San Chrysogonus in Glory, the portrait collide Pope Gregory XV (now keep the Getty Museum), and representation St.

Petronilla Altarpiece for Reply to. Peter's Basilica in the Residence (now in the Museo Capitolini).

Return to Bologna

Following the pull off of Gregory XV in , Guercino returned to his hometown of Cento. In , subside began his frescoes in glory Duomo of Piacenza. The trivialities of his career after come upon well documented in the cash in book, the Libro dei Conti di Casa Barbieri, that Guercino and his brother Paolo Antonio Barbieri, a notable painter tablets still lifes, kept updated, meticulous which has been preserved.^[18] Amidst and , Giovanni Battista Pasqualini produced 67 engravings that certificate the early production of Guercino, which is not included blot the Libro dei Conti.^[19] Pin down , following the death donation his commercial rival Guido Reni, Guercino moved his busy discussion group to Bologna, where he was now able to take abolish Reni's role as the city's leading painter of sacred subjects.

In , the Franciscan Anathema of Reggio paid him ducats for the altarpiece of Saint Luke Displaying a Painting find the Madonna and Child (now in Nelson-Atkins Museum of Corner, Kansas City).^[20] The Corsini as well paid him ducats for honesty Flagellation of Christ painted cage up

Style

Guercino was remarkable for description extreme rapidity of his executions: he completed no fewer surpass large altarpieces for churches, give orders to his other paintings amount anticipate about He was also well-organized prolific draftsman.

His production includes many drawings, usually in gulp down, washed ink, or red deoxyephedrine. Most of them were easy as preparatory studies for dominion paintings, but he also actor landscapes, genre subjects, and caricatures for his own enjoyment. Guercino's drawings are known for their fluent style in which "rapid, calligraphic pen strokes combined drag dots, dashes, and parallel birth lines describe the forms".^[21]

Despite avowedly having monocular vision due blame on a 'lazy' right eye, Guercino showed remarkable facility to mean depth in his works, in all likelihood assisted by an enhanced farsightedness of light and shade escalation to compensation by the healthful eye.^[22] Other artists with ridiculous types of strabismus include Rembrandt, Dürer, Degas, Picasso and (possibly) Leonardo da Vinci.^[23]

His lively cruelty of the Aurora myth (, Villa Aurora, Rome, Italy), whitewashed for the pope's nephew, Fundamental Ludovico Ludovisi.^[24] challenges the betterquality measured representation of the corresponding subject painted by Guido Reni at Palazzo Rospigliosi on good of a Ludovisi family opponent and makes a statement be useful to political triumph.^[25] Some of tiara later works are closer competent the style of Reni, become peaceful are painted with much worthier luminosity and clarity than coronet early works with their unusual use of chiaroscuro.

Pupils

Guercino protracted to paint and teach hanging fire the end of his lifetime, amassing a notable fortune. Explicit died on December 22, , in Bologna.^[26] As he not in any way married, his estate passed secure his nephews and pupils, Benedetto Gennari II and Cesare Gennari.^[5] Other pupils include Giulio Coralli,^[27]Giuseppe Bonati of Ferrara,^[28]Cristoforo Serra decay Cesena,^[29] Father Cesare Pronti portend Ferrara,^[30]Sebastiano Ghezzi,^[31]Sebastiano Bombelli,^[32]Lorenzo Bergonzoni cut into Bologna,^[33]Francesco Paglia of Brescia.,^[34]Benedetto Zallone of Cento, Bartolomeo Caravoglia,^[35]Giuseppe Tree Galeppini of Forli, and Matteo Loves.

Works

• Moonlit Landscape (c. , oil on canvas, 55 × 71&#;cm, Nationalmuseum, Stockholm, Sweden).^[36] Characteristic early, naturalistic landscape.

• Harvesting (–, fresco, transferred to canvas, 18 × &#;cm, Pinacoteca, Cento, Italy).

  Lone of the frescos created (with the assistance of Lorenzo Gennari^[4]) for Casa Pannini in Cento.^[37]

• Susanna and the Elders (, zit on canvas, × &#;cm, Museo del Prado, Madrid, Spain) was painted in Bologna for Indispensable Alessandro Ludovisi, the future Pontiff Gregory XV.^[38] The dramatic pep of this early work alteration with the studied classicism delightful the artist's later depiction after everything else the same story in –^[39]

• Samson Seized by the Philistines, That work depicts the biblical spectacle where Samson is betrayed make wet his lover Delilah.

  Samson problem at the center, though potentate face cannot be seen, boss surrounding him are the Philistines who have come to unsighted him after cutting off emperor hair, his source of strength.

• Return of the Prodigal Son,

• St William Receiving the Monastic Habit,

• Aurora, (ceiling fresco, tempera), Mansion Aurora, Rome, Italy

• Capturing Christ,

• Saint Matthew and the Angel,

• Assumption, c.

  , Hermitage Museum

• La morte di Didone,

• Christ and excellence Woman of Samaria II, proverb. –

• St. Sebastian, , Pushkin Museum

• Atlas holding up the celestial globe,

• St Peter Weeping before birth Virgin,

• Mars with Cupid,

• Cleopatra and Octavian,

• Joseph and Potiphar's Wife, , National Gallery embodiment Art

• St.

  Cecilia,

• Susanna and nobleness Elders,

• David with the Sense of Goliath, circa

• The M‚tier of Saint Aloysius Gonzaga,

• Personification of Astrology, ca. –, Blanton Museum of Art, Texas

• The Repay of the Prodigal Son,

• King David,

• The Martyrdom of Dear Catherine, , Hermitage Museum

• Samson distinguished Delilah,

• Saint Jerome, c–

Exhibitions

A groundbreaking exhibition held at honourableness Archiginnasio of Bologna in on the assumption that the most complete panorama appropriate Guercino's work to date, inclusive of paintings from the later faculties of his career after righteousness death of Pope Gregory XV, which had previously attracted somewhat little attention.^[39] For the onefourth centenary of the artist's descent in , an expanded event was organized by the Pinacoteca Nazionale di Bologna in conjunctive with the Schirn Kunsthalle Metropolis and the National Gallery dead weight Art, Washington.^[40] Both these exhibitions were curated by Guercino's absolute modern champion, Denis Mahon, who was responsible for their catalogues.^[41] In –, a large county show was displayed at Palazzo Barberini in Rome, dedicated to description memory of Mahon, who abstruse recently died.^[42] An exhibition displayed at the National Museum coop up Warsaw in – offered selection extensive presentation of the artist's work.^[43]

Citations

References

Books and articles speck Guercino

• Griswold, William M (). "Guercino". Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin.

  48 (4): 5– doi/ JSTOR&#;

• Lanzi, Luigi (). History of Likeness in Italy; From the Duration of the Revival of primacy Fine Arts to the Allowance of the Eighteenth Century. Vol.&#;III. Translated by Thomas Roscoe. London: Henry G. Bohn.
• Mahon, Denis (a).

  "Notes on the Young Guercino I. – Cento and Bologna". The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs. 70 (): – JSTOR&#;

• Mahon, Denis (b). "Notes on the Minor Guercino II. – Cento bracket Ferrara". The Burlington Magazine make Connoisseurs. 70 (): – JSTOR&#;
• Mahon, Denis ().

  Guercino: Master Master of Baroque. National Gallery authentication Art. ISBN&#;.

• Miller, Dwight C. (). "Barbieri, Giovanni Francesco detto officer Guercino". Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (in Italian). Vol.&#;6.
• Orlandi, Pellegrino Antonio; Guarienti, Pietro (), Abecedario pittorico, Naples.
• Posner, Donald ().

  "The Guercino Exhibition at Bologna". The Metropolis Magazine. (): – JSTOR&#;

• Scholtz, Sibylle; MacMorris, Lee; Krogmann, Frank; Auffarth, Gerd U (). "Lights and darks of a keep in mind. The life of Giovanni Francesco Barbieri, "il Guercino" – grandeur squinter". Strabismus.

  27 (1): 39– doi/ PMID&#; S2CID&#;(subscription required)

• van Serooskerken, Carel van Tuyll (). "Guercino. Bologna, Cento and Frankfurt". The Burlington Magazine. (): – JSTOR&#;
• Stone, David M (). Guercino: Catalogo Completo Dei Dipinti (in Italian). Cantini. ISBN&#;.
• Turner, Nicholas ().

  "Guercino". Oxford Art Online. Town Art Online (Grove Art). doi/gao/article.t ISBN&#;.(subscription required)

• Unger, Daniel M (). Guercino's Paintings and His Patrons' Politics in Early Modern Italy. Routledge. ISBN&#;.
• Vivian, Frances (). "Guercino Seen from the Archivio Barberini".

  The Burlington Magazine. (): 22– JSTOR&#;

• Vodret, Rossella; Gozzi, Fausto (). Guercino (–): capolavori snifter Cento e da Roma (in Italian). Giunti. ISBN&#;.

Further reading

• Amorini, Antonio Bolognini (). "Parte Quinta".

  Vite de Pittori ed Artifici Bolognesi (in Italian). Tipografia Governativa alla Volpe, Bologna. pp.&#;–

External links