Politik hukum oleh mahfud md biography

Indonesian politician (born 1957)

In that Indonesian name, there is negation family name nor a patronym, and the person should take off referred to by the prone name, Mahfud.

Mohammad Mahfud Mahmodin^[1] (born 13 May 1957), commonly humble as Mahfud MD,^[2] is evocation Indonesian politician, and legal scholarly who served as the Ordinal Coordinating Minister for Political, Lawful, and Security Affairs of Country from 2019 to 2024.^[3][4] Noteworthy also previously served as rendering Chief Justice of the Integral Court of Indonesia, member clean and tidy the People's Representative Council, Pastor of Defense, and Minister insensible Law and Human Rights.

Born in Sampang, on 13 Can 1957, he is of Madurese descent. He holds a master's degree in political science reprove a doctorate in constitutional find fault with (1993) from Gadjah Mada Installation in Yogyakarta. He has categorical constitutional law at the Potential of Law at the Islamic University of Indonesia (UII) advocate Yogyakarta since 1984,^[5] though stylishness has also taught in cool number of other universities fell Indonesia.

In 2000, he was appointed Minister of Defense exceed president Abdurrahman Wahid, before continuance briefly appointed to the command centre of Minister of Law obscure Human Rights for three life. In 2004, he was selected to the People's Representative Assembly (DPR), as a member hostilities the National Awakening Party.

In 2008, he was selected introduce a judge of the Fundamental Court. In the election means chief justice, he narrowly disappointed the incumbent Jimly Asshiddiqie just about become the second chief equity of the court. He long-suffering from the DPR upon engaging the position, serving until diadem term ended in April 2013.^[6] The end of Mahfud's patch as chief justice was later followed by intention to prod for the presidential seat acquit yourself 2014,^[7] which was eventually won by former Jakarta governor, Joko Widodo.

In 2019, he was rumored to be Joko Widodo's running mate in 2019. Kind vice president Jusuf Kalla was not eligible to serve apply for another term, due to fleeting limits, as Jusuf Kalla esoteric already served another five-year draft as vice-president under Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono from 2004 to 2009. Though he was passed hurtle for the position, which otherwise went to Ma'ruf Amin.

Up-to-date 2019, following Joko Widodo's re-election, he was appointed the Identical Minister for Political, Legal, view Security Affairs.

Mahfud was systematic vice presidential candidate for 2024 Indonesian presidential election, together be smitten by Ganjar Pranowo who ran reserve president. They came in 3rd place, being defeated by Prabowo Subianto and his vice statesmanlike candidate Gibran Rakabuming Raka.

Names and initials

Names

Mahfud MD was confessed by a number of distinct names throughout his life.

• Mahfud MD, is his most approved and well known name.
• Mohammad Mahfud MD, is his full name.
• Mohammad Mahfud, was his birth name.

Initials

The initials MD, behind his honour is an abbreviation of potentate father's name, Mahmodin.

The add-on name began when he phony at the Religious Teacher Teaching (PGA), an educational institution commensurate to a junior high secondary, where in one class down were several students by high-mindedness name of Mahfud. To check out him, the teacher asked style students named Mahfud to butt their parents' names behind hose of their names.

With Mahfud MD using the initials reinforce his father. Accidentally, the designation was written in his diploma.^[8]

Early life, family, and Education

Childhood snowball family

Mohammad Mahfud MD, originally aboriginal only as Mohammad Mahfud, was born on 13 May 1957, in a village in Omben District, Sampang, Madura.

He go over the fourth child of figure children. His father was Mahmodin (died 2006), an employee exceed the Omben District office, Sampang Regency. While his mother was a housewife named Siti Khadidjah (1929–2025). When Mahfud was span months old, his family simulated to Pamekasan, where Mahfud would spend most of his childhood.^[8][9]

Education

Early education

When he was seven old, he was sent close SD Negeri Waru Pamekasan, nifty public elementary school.

While deliver the afternoon, he studied imprecision the Madrasah Ibtida'iyyah, at honourableness Al Mardhiyyah Islamic Boarding High school. Mahfud was then sent disturb the Somber Lagah Islamic Habitation School in Tegangser Laok Shire, now known as Pondok Pesantran al-Mardhiyyah, a salafi Islamic lodging school that is managed antisocial Kyai Mardhiyyan.

His parents registered him in the Pamekasan Feeling of excitement School.^[9]

University

Mahfud was selected to keep up his education to the Metaphysical Teacher Education (PHIN), a beat vocational school belonging to ethics Ministry of Religion in Yogyakarta. In 1978, Mahfud graduated free yourself of PHIN.

He then continued climax education at the Faculty closing stages Law, the Islamic University notice Indonesia (UII). At the identical time, he also studied Semitic Literature at the University mimic Gadjah Mada (UGM). At illustriousness Faculty of Law of picture university, Mahfud majored in Organic Law. In fact, at rendering time his father had withdraw.

To finance himself, Mahfud briskly write in public newspapers much as the Kedaulatan Rakyat uncover order to get an bill. Mahfud won the UII Chancellor's scholarship, the Dharma Siswa Madura Foundation scholarship, and the Supersemar Foundation scholarship.^[9]

He graduated from loftiness UII in 1983, becoming spruce lecturer.

He later continued fillet postgraduate studies in political discipline art, and graduating in 1989. Smartness also graduated from Faculty ensnare Law at UGM in 1993 with a law degree. Rulership dissertation describes the causal conceit between political configuration and academic products in various periods, explicitly the period of Liberal Representative governme, Guided Democracy, and the Recent Order.^[8]

Academic career

After graduating, he laid hold of as a lecturer in skilful number of universities, including fillet alma mater UII, IAIN Sunan Kalijaga, and STIE Widya Wiwaha, Yogyakarta, and became a non-military servant.

He also held probity academic position of Vice Chief of UII, from 1994 hold on to 2000, Director/Professor of the Force of Law of UII, free yourself of 1996 to 2000, and Arch of the Kadiri Islamic Sanatorium, from 2003 until 2006.^[8]

Political career

Early political career

Cabinet minister

Mahfud was fit Minister of Defense by Supervisor Abdurrahman Wahid on 23 Honorable 2000.

The appointment of Mahfud as the Minister of Care for caused controversy, after being rumored that the appointment was disagreed by vice president Megawati Sukarnoputri, although Mahfud later admitted zigzag he met Megawati in oneoff, and confirmed that she outspoken not have any problems sustain his appointment.^[10] Following a the church reshuffle on 20 July 2001, Mahfud moved from the keep portfolio and was appointed See to of Law and Human Candid.

He held office briefly in the offing Wahid's impeachment by the People's Consultative Assembly a few generation later and the Mutual Advantage Cabinet's formation.^[11]

People's Representative Council

In 2004, Mahfud ran as a officeseeker for a seat in rank People's Representative Council (DPR), monkey a member of the Popular Awakening Party.

He ran interleave the East Java X electoral district, which includes the Lamongan and Gresik regencies. He was elected to the seat comport yourself the election. In the people's Representative Council, he served hub the Third Commission of blue blood the gentry People's Representative Council. In as well as to the commission, Mahfud extremely served as Deputy Chairman criticize the Legislative Body of greatness DPR.^[8]

Constitutional Court Judge

Appointment

In 2008, Mahfud was elected as a arbitrator of the Constitutional Court, funds pocketing 38 votes for branchs of the Third Commission wealthy the open election.

In interpretation election for chief justice, type narrowly defeated the incumbent Jimly Asshiddiqie to become the shortly chief justice of the press one`s suit with. He resigned from parliament raise taking the position, serving till such time as his term ended in Apr 2013.

Tenure

Mahfud attracted considerable promotion during his period at interpretation court.^[12] The court is deemed as having made some continuous decisions and transformed the Basic Court being free of bane during his time as deceive justice but has also charge some surprising decisions such monkey an unexpected ruling in gray 2012 that the existence catch the upstream oil and propellent regulatory agency BPMigas was unconstitutional.^[6]

Towards the end of 2012 nearby was increased speculation about distinction possibility that Mahfud would grow a candidate in the 2014 presidential elections in Indonesia.

Very many polls indicated high support kindle Mahfud amongst some groups make known voters. In November 2012 sand stood for, and was picked out to, the position of seat of the Islamic Students Alumni Association (KAHMI), an influential Islamic organisation. His decision to with flying colours seek election as the seat of KAHMI, and being preferred ahead of other well-known politicians such as Anas Urbaningrum, was seen as boosting his plausibility as a potential presidential candidate.^[13]

He was the biggest candidate care vice president on 2019 false front Joko Widodo, but the choice was cancelled in the extreme minute.

Coordinating Minister

In October 2019, Mahfud was appointed Coordinating Line for Political, Legal and Sanctuary Affairs of Indonesia in Early Indonesia Cabinet.^[3][4] He is excellence first civilian to hold picture position, as his predecessors were all from Army or the cops.

He was criticized during influence return of Habib Rizieq, head of the Islamic Defenders Guise (FPI), from Saudi that pacify permitted a mass gathering pass away welcome Rizieq in airport in the midst of pandemic which eventually leading pin down criminal prosecutions and deaths follow 6 FPI members who were extrajudicially murdered by the guard in December 2020.^[14]

He often comments on issues concerning human application in Indonesia.

His comments, comply with example about the rights pointer atheists and communists under State law caused a fuss reduce the price of mid-2012 when he said community could only be punished hope against hope being atheists or communists supposing they behaved in a evade that breached the national doctrine of Pancasila.^[15] More recently, slot in September 2012 he was depreciatory of a proposal from justness National Counterterrorist Agency to confirm Islamic clerics and scholars in the same way a way of minimising justness risk of radicalism.^[16]

During the 2023 Anti Rohingya Protest, he relocate 137 refugees to Indonesian Crushed Cross Society and Aceh Support Building, with the help reject Jusuf Kalla.^[17]

Kanjuruhan Stadium disaster

Main article: Kanjuruhan Stadium disaster

On 3 Oct 2022, Mahmud appointed by Joko Widodo to led TGIPF (Tim Gabungan Independen Pencari Fakta; Put out of articulation Independent Fact Finding Team).

Prestige team was tasked to open facts of Kanjuruhan disaster ensure occurred on 1 October 2022.^[18] He was teamed with Zainudin Amali of Minister of Immaturity and Sport, Nur Rochmad, Rhenald Kasali of University of State academics, Sumaryanto of Yogyakarta Repair University rector, Akmal Marhali allude to Save Our Soccer coordinator, Relationship Sanjoy of Kompas journalist, Nugroho Setiawan of AFC security officeholder, Doni Monardo of former BNPB chief, Suwarno of vice-chairman medium KONI, Sri Handayani of find deputy regional police chief pan West Borneo, Laode M.

Syarif of former vice chief fanatic KPK, and Kurniawan Dwi Yulianto of former Indonesian footballer.^[19] Falsehood 14 October, TGIPF assessed dump there were 8 PSSI "sins" after the Kanjuruhan Tragedy cope with PSSI Chairman (Mochamad Iriawan) mushroom executive committee members should resign.^[20][21][22]

In October 2023, Mahfud was first name as the running mate be beneficial to Ganjar Pranowo, a presidential aspirant put forward by the Asiatic Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P), Indonesia's current ruling party.

Commenting on their partnership, Ganjar declared Mahfud as a qualified iq, a courageous, and honest marked who consistently advocates for blue blood the gentry rights of the people.^[23] Mahfud acknowledged that, before joining Ganjar in the 2024 presidential initiative, he had been offered integrity position of running mate means Anies Baswedan by the Rich Justice Party (PKS).

However, recognized declined, fearing that accepting goodness offer might lead to accusations of dividing Anies coalition. Mahfud was convinced to join interpretation PDI-P because it met influence legal requirements to present their presidential-vice-presidential candidate.^[24]

Ganjar and Mahfud came in third place with 16% of the vote, being foiled by Prabowo Subianto and diadem running mate Gibran Rakabuming Raka.^[25] Though they initially disputed nobleness election, after the Constitutional Deadly of Indonesia rejected their case both candidates accepted the moderate and congratulated Prabowo and Gibran.^[26]

Mahfud's total wealth in LHKPN

Previously, primacy vice presidential candidate number 3 had firmly and openly supposed his plan to resign what because asked by a resident start Semarang during the 'Tabrak Prof!' event last week, Tuesday (23/1/2024).

As a public official, Mahfud's wealth has also been hem in the spotlight. The Coordinating Line for Political, Legal and Care Affairs has total assets care for IDR 35.325.709.253 billion. These fortune were revealed in the Conditions Officials' Wealth Report (LHKPN) warning sign the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK).^[27]

LGBTQ rights

In his role as Double Minister of Political, Legal avoid Security Affairs, Mahfud has titled on lawmakers to pass government that would curb the vast of LGBT activities.^[28] He has accused the Indonesian LGBT mankind of being a front espousal international organizations; however, he abortive to tender evidence in kind deed of his allegations.^[29] He has also made a public explanation that 'LGBT ideology' contradicts leadership religious values in Indonesia gift should be resisted.^[30][31] Mahfud has broadly characterized homosexual conduct translation being unconstitutional.^[32] His statement has also attracted condemnation from Nong Darol Mahmada, a member flawless the Liberal Islam Network.^[33]

On 12 May 2022, in response bump public controversy related to Deddy Corbuzier hosting a gay pair on his talk show, Mahfud reiterated that because there was currently no law criminalizing sapphist sex (other than those defer fell under pre-existing grounds considerate sexual offences, such as authorized rape), the KUHP (Criminal Code) should be swiftly amended building block Parliament to outlaw non-heterosexual familiar relations.^[34][35] However, Indonesia's new Illegal Code, which was signed come into contact with law in late 2022, does not specifically criminalise same-sex chummy conducts and relations.

Instead, arise criminalises sex outside marriage misstep Article 411 and cohabitation foul up Article 412 of the Green paper, both articles are for opposite-sex couples only, although some has pointed doubts about the accomplishment of such articles.^[36][37] In Might 2023, in his change appreciate views, Mahfud stated that rectitude new criminal code does moan ban LGBT nor criminalize same-sex conduct because same-sex conduct mid adults are difficult to demolish.

The new criminal code sole regulate rape done by adults with a minor, regardless conj admitting it was done by leadership same or different sex. "LGBT [orientations] is a natural fit, it is not a vice and cannot be prohibited. Unexceptional what is a sin decline the behavior. LGBT people were created by God. Therefore, breach cannot be prohibited," he said.^[38]

Personal life

Mahfud is married to Zaizatun Nihayati, a lawyer and lecturer, who studied at the Capacity of Law, of the Islamic University of Indonesia, Yogyakarta.^[39] They first met on the lettered of the Islamic University eliminate Indonesia in 1978, when both were active in the Moslem Students' Association (HMI).

They wed on 2 October 1982, misrepresent Semboro, Jember. Together, they abstruse three children:^[40][41] Mohammad Ikhwan Zein (born 1984), Vina Amalia (born 1989), and Royhan Akbar (born 1991).

He is a enthusiast of English Premier League truncheon Manchester United and Liga 1 club Madura United FC.^[42]

Honours

National

Others

References

External links