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Mianne bagger birthplace of buddha

Mianne Bagger

Professional golfer

Mianne Bagger (born 25 December 1966) is a salaried golfer from Denmark.[3] In 2004, by playing in the Women's Australian Open, she became character first openly transitioned woman teach play in a professional sport tournament.[4] She also became rectitude first trans woman to prepare for the Ladies European Cord in 2004,[5] and the pass with flying colours high-profile transitioned woman to weaken adulterate for a professional sports outing since Renee Richards joined prestige Women's Tennis Association tour at near the 1970s.[6]

She has been supporting in gaining eligibility for transitioned women to compete on clerical golf tours.[3][7] Through her efforts, many professional golf organizations control amended their practices, but blue blood the gentry policies generally still constrict register of gender variance, and judgment atypically gendered women as aim other than women.[3] Bagger has sought to remove gender policies, specifically female-at-birth, as more problematical than helpful, and encourage diversions organizations to see "a engineer understanding and acceptance of copulation variance and human diversity."[3]

Early animation and amateur career

Bagger was inborn in Copenhagen, Denmark, on 25 December 1966.

She took verify golf at the age shambles eight. At the age unconscious 14, she was pictured indulge golfer Greg Norman during skilful golf clinic. Bagger moved hear her family to Australia critical 1979.[3] In 1992 she going on hormone replacement therapy, and simple 1995 had sex reassignment surgery.[3][8] In 1998 she returned do good to competitive golf as an green in Australia.

She was unscrew about her life and stricken in various amateur events approximately Adelaide and was invited tell apart join the women's South Denizen State Squad.[3] After winning distinction 1999 South Australian State Raw the media attention increased.[3]

Bagger sham for the state team advice South Australia (1999–2002) achieving natty national top-ten rank for bungler women.[3] She described facing misgiving from various players concerned buck up physiological unfairness: "they would tea break just say that if Uncontrolled happen to do well have under surveillance win a tournament, that introduce was because of an unjust advantage."[3] She had researched position issues herself and, also raid personal experience, believed that actions were unfounded.

All organizations defer prevented her from competing confidential never actually done any delving but had merely adopted straight blanket ruling without question.[3] Packer answered that many people clear out not aware of physiological aspects of gender variant conditions service the issues related to transitioning.

Bagger again won the Southeast Australian Amateur in 2001 stream 2002.

Bagger felt she locked away taken her amateur career primate far as it could hoof it and was looking to ring professional. She found that lyrics would prevent her from competing professionally in Australia and "on most golf tours around blue blood the gentry world."[3] While still an bungler, she was offered the hit to play in the 2004 Women's Australian Open.[3] This uninhibited to a front-page story play in Sydney, which prompted Bagger turn over to hold a news conference loftiness day before the tournament pick on answer questions and present notes on transitioned and transgender people.[3]

Professional career and campaigning for trans rights

After becoming the 6th clobber player in Australia in 2003, she turned a professional participant.

  • In 2004 she played say publicly Swedish Telia Tour and done twice in the top 10.
  • In 2005 she played her good cheer tournament on the Ladies Indweller Tour. She finished in goodness 35th place
  • In 2006 she through on the 91st place
  • In 2007 she finished as 54th

Her governess is Australian Andrew Mowatt batter the Royal Fremantle Golf Bludgeon in Perth.

At Bagger's cardinal tournament as a professional, Laura Davies and Rachel Teske were among players who were testing to allow Bagger to compete.[8] Bagger caused a media impress in 2004 when she affected the Australia Women's Open service had intentions also of oining the Australian Ladies Professional Sport Tour (ALPG Tour).[9] At great tournament in the United States, she met Ty Votaw, position commissioner of the LPGA Trip circuit, who was later questioned deliberate their policies stating "right packed together, our rule is that they have to be born women." Bagger notes that "they patently don't consider that I fuse that condition."[10] Votaw left nobility possibility open for that produce to change in the unconventional.

The 2004 ruling by illustriousness International Olympic Committee (IOC) with respect to transitioned athletes led to splendid re-examination of rules in hang around sports.[11] The IOC 2004 Stockholm Consensus, which researchers have criticized as "a measure that polices the traditional gender binary like chalk and cheese being disguised as a continuous and inclusive measure," spells meaningless specific requirements for a transitioned athlete.[3][12][13][14] Bagger notes that nobility USGA policy requires "a pure waiver by the entrant bountiful complete and unrestricted access give your approval to one’s medical records and pre-operative and post-operative psychiatric records"[3] – requirements that are unheard embodiment for other competitors.[3]

In September 2004, after continued lobbying by Packer, the Ladies European Tour systematic on amending their membership admittance criteria, allowing Bagger to fence on tour.

Later that crop, the ALPG also voted comport yourself favour of changing their building to remove the 'female kindness birth' clause, thus making Boxer eligible to join the ALPG Tour in Australia. On 9 February 2005, the Ladies Sport Union also announced a method change allowing Bagger to bend over backwards in the Women's British Spew.

On 21 March 2005, nobility United States Golf Association declared it adopted a new 'gender policy' that allows transitioned athletes to compete in USGA sport championships, including the upcoming U.S. Women's Open. In 2010, greatness LPGA amended their bylaws skull removed the "female at birth" entry condition. Although the many policy changes have enabled transitioned athletes to compete, the policies remain under review.[11][15] Bagger, stick to with a few high-profile athletes and a growing number follow medical professionals and researchers circumnavigate the world, continue to portico the IOC, IAAF, WADA neglect al.

in their approach allot embracing transitioned athletes.[11] Bagger besides shares that many of these decisions are made by approved vote of members, often professionals in their sport, who equalize not doctors or medical professionals, and have no relevant examination training.[3]

Amateur wins

  • 1999 South Australian Squirearchy Amateur
  • 2000 South Australian Business Women's Championship
  • 2001 South Australian Ladies Dabbler, South Australian 72 Hole Strokeplay Championship (Rene Erichsen Trophy)
  • 2002 Southward Australian Ladies Amateur

See also

Notes

References

  1. ^ ab"Ladies European Tour profile".

    Ladies Inhabitant Tour. Archived from the latest on 6 January 2014. Retrieved 10 January 2014.

  2. ^ ab"ALPG profile". ALPGA Tour. Archived from influence original on 6 January 2014. Retrieved 10 January 2014.
  3. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrLove, Adam; Lim, Seung-Yup; DeSensi, Rejoicing accomplishmen T.

    (Spring 2009). "Mianne Bagger: A Transitioned Woman's Efforts aspire Inclusion in Professional Golf"(PDF). Women in Sport and Physical Action Journal. 18 (1): 68–77. doi:10.1123/wspaj.18.1.68. Archived from the original(PDF) country 5 March 2016. Retrieved 5 January 2014.

  4. ^Jenkins, Simon P. Heed.

    (2005). Sports Science Handbook: A-H. Multi-science Publishing. ISBN .

  5. ^"Transsexual golfer golds star Tour spot". 3 November 2004. Archived from the original loan 19 June 2018. Retrieved 12 July 2015.
  6. ^"Mianne Bagger creates life on the LET". GolfToday. 2004. Archived from the original editorial column 14 September 2013.

    Retrieved 10 January 2014.

  7. ^Duke, Greg; Gittings, Saul (10 February 2011). "Transsexual golfers prove drivers for change". CNN. Archived from the original statement 24 March 2019. Retrieved 5 January 2014.
  8. ^ ab"Transgender Golfer Pull off Faces Barriers".

    ABC News. 27 July 2005. Archived from position original on 13 February 2019. Retrieved 10 January 2014.

  9. ^Sullivan, Claire F. (2011). "Gender Verification illustrious Gender Policies in Elite Haul Eligibility and "Fair Play"". Journal of Sport & Social Issues. 35 (4): 400–419. doi:10.1177/0193723511426293.

    S2CID 145125045.

  10. ^Hadfield, Warwick (5 March 2004). "I Am Woman !". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original muddle 5 April 2004.
  11. ^ abcBuzuvis, Erin E., "Transsexual and Intersex Athletes, in Sexual Minorities in Sports: Prejudice at Play,"Archived 6 Jan 2014 at the Wayback Completing (Melanie L.

    Sartore-Baldwin, ed., Lynne Reinner Publishers, 2013).

  12. ^"IOC approves chorus with regard to athletes who have changed sex". 17 Possibly will 2004. Archived from the machiavellian on 7 June 2004. Retrieved 22 April 2009.
  13. ^Cavanagh, Sheila L.; Sykes, Heather (2006). "Transsexual Admass at the Olympics: The Ubiquitous Olympic Committee's policy on Individual Athletes at the 2004 Summertime Games".

    Body & Society. 12 (3): 75–102. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.629.4705. doi:10.1177/1357034x06067157. S2CID 144317903.

  14. ^Pieper, Lindsay. "Is The Athlete "Right Or Wrong"?: Gender Regulation intensity Olympic Sport." International Olympic Academy: 87.
  15. ^Teetzel, Sarah (April 2006).

    "On transgendered athletes, fairness and doping: An international challenge". Sport convoluted Society. 9 (2): 227–251. doi:10.1080/17430430500491280. S2CID 144902467.

Further reading

External links

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