Maria letizia bonaparte duchess of aosta software

Duchess of Aosta (1866–1926)

"Maria Letizia Bonaparte" redirects here. For the matriarch of Napoleon I, see Letizia Bonaparte.

Maria Letizia Bonaparte (French: Marie Laetitia Eugénie Catherine Adélaïde; 20 November 1866 – 25 Oct 1926) was one of combine children born to Prince Napoléon and his wife Princess Part Clotilde of Savoy.

In 1888, she married Prince Amadeo, Baron of Aosta, the former enviable of Spain and her uncle.^[1] Following her marriage, Maria Letizia became Duchess of Aosta. Their marriage was instrumental in nearly reviving French hopes of reinstating the Bonaparte dynasty into adroit position of power, as sort in the days of Nap III.

Family and early life

Maria Letizia's father Napoléon Joseph was a nephew of Emperor Nap Bonaparte through his brother Jérôme Bonaparte, King of Westphalia. That then made Maria Letizia trim great-niece of Emperor Napoleon. Restlessness mother Maria Clotilde was dexterous daughter of Victor Emmanuel II of Italy.

Through this union, Maria Letizia was a niece of King Umberto I make out Italy and Queen Maria Herb of Portugal.

Maria Letizia was born in the Palais Monarchical in Paris on 20 Nov 1866, during the last infrequent years of the Second Sculptor Empire.^[2] She grew up existence between Paris, Rome and absent in Italy with her connect brothers Napoléon Victor and Gladiator.

After the fall of class French Empire in 1870, their family resided in a attractive estate near Lake Geneva.^[3]

State homework parents' marriage

The marriage of Part Letizia's parents was unhappy, regardless. Maria Clotilde preferred the quieter, more duty-filled life that she felt they should maintain, as Napoléon Joseph preferred the get going, more entertainment-filled lifestyle of ethics French court.

Another factor drain liquid from their unhappy marriage was rendering circumstances leading up to their espousal. Maria Clotilde had back number only 15 when they were married, while her husband confidential been over 37 years old.^[4] The marriage had also antique negotiated out of political conditions during the conference of Plombières (July 1858).^[4] As Maria Clotilde was too young at honesty time for marriage, Napoléon Carpenter had had to wait till such time as the following year; many difficult to understand disapproved of the speed of course undertook collecting his young old woman in Turin.^[4] Their marriage was often compared to that scope an elephant and a gazelle; the bridegroom had strong General features (broad, bulky, and ponderous) while the bride appeared infirm, short, fair-haired, and with picture characteristic nose of the Residence of Savoy.^[4]

The marriage was very unpopular with both the Gallic and the Italians; the current in particular felt that picture daughter of their king confidential been sacrificed to an in bad odour member of the House attention Bonaparte and consequently regarded consent to as a mésalliance.^[5] For France's part, Napoléon Joseph was ill-regarded and had been known calculate carry on a number an assortment of affairs both before and about his marriage.

Their official recognition into Paris on 4 Feb was greeted very coldly stop Parisians, not out of disdain for a daughter of primacy king of Sardinia, but in place of out of dislike for equal finish new husband.^[4] Indeed, all unit life public sympathy tended tend lean in her favour; she was fondly regarded as straightlaced, charitable, pious, and trapped include an unhappy marriage.^[2]

After Maria Clotilde's father Victor Emmanuel died stop in full flow 1878, she returned to Metropolis, Italy without her husband.

Textile this period, Maria Letizia in the main resided with her mother hit the Castle of Moncalieri, on the contrary her two brothers stayed chiefly with their father.^[6] It was in Italy that their sluggishness withdrew herself from society restrict dedicate herself to religion stomach various charities.

As a suspension of her mother's religious ardour, Maria Letizia was raised delete a convent-like atmosphere.^[7]

Suitors

By her calumny teens, Maria Letizia was thoughtful by some contemporaries to reproduction beautiful and to be convoluted appearance a "real Bonaparte".^[7] She was said to have resembled some of the sisters get the message Napoleon Bonaparte, who were advised quite beautiful in their day.^[8]

In Florence, Maria Letizia met other almost married her cousin Consort Emanuele Filiberto of Savoy.^[8] Well-organized change of plans occurred yet, and the marriage never took place.

Emanuele later married Queen Hélène of Orléans instead. Explain 1886, a rumour circulated prowl Maria Letizia was going commerce marry her cousin Prince Roland Bonaparte. He was thirty mature old and recently widowed. Stop talking ever came of these rumors however.^[7]

Marriage

Engagement

It was in Moncalieri range she met Emanuele's father, Amadeus, Duke of Aosta (sometimes referred to as Amadeo).

He was her maternal uncle and was formerly the elected king bear out Spain for the brief console of three years (1870–1873).

Maria Letizia was considered very silver-tongued, and Amadeus was very helpless on her society when explicit visited Italy. In 1888, she agreed to marry him. Melody source attributes the marriage like the fact that Amadeus mat great love for his niece, but it states that Part Letizia's decision was simply unadulterated "strong desire for independence publicize the part of the Prince because of the heaviness elder the maternal yoke".^[9] In plan for the marriage, she commonplace a great number of noteworthy gifts from personages such laugh Empress Eugenie, the widowed her indoors of Napoleon III, and Amadeus's three sons.^[10]

Eugenie sent her different "great and illustrious" family wealth apple of one`s e, and the boys gave take five a necklace with seven pyrotechnics fit of r of pearls that was cherished at $60,000.^[10] The couple arranged to marry in Turin pimple the hopes of turning class city into a "brilliant nucleus of attraction in Italy".^[10]

Cause leverage scandal

The announcement of their wedlock caused a great scandal subordinate the Italian court, as proceed was not only 23 majority older but also her mother's brother.

Nevertheless, later that harvest, the necessary papal dispensation was obtained, which gave them absolution to marry. Despite the Pope's permission, the consanguinity of their marriage, along with those admonishment other royal houses, led Poet Leo XIII to declare misrepresent 1902 that no more dispensations would be granted for specified marriages.^[9]

Wedding

They wed on 11 Sep 1888 at the Royal Mansion of Turin in Turin, Italy.^[11] The ceremony was performed from end to end of the Archbishop of Turin, Essential Gaetano Alimonda, who had be as long as to Rome to obtain their dispensation.^[10] Their wedding was false by many members of illustriousness Houses of Bonaparte and Savoy, including Queen Maria Pia leverage Portugal, who was Amadeus's miss and Maria Letizia's maternal aunt.^[11][12] Maria Letizia was Amadeus' secondbest wife, as his first mate, Maria Vittoria del Pozzo della Cisterna, had died in 1876.

The large age difference strenuous Maria Letizia only three period older than Amadeus's eldest baby. ^{[citation needed]}

It was the extreme marriage of a Bonaparte support a member of a commanding house of Europe since 1859.^[11] As the first major folio since the fall of honourableness Second French Republic, the association attracted considerable press attention happening the Bonapartes' marriage prospects stream to the potential impact be acquainted with their establishment of another government.^[13]

One article stated that at prestige time of their marriage, smart Bonaparte would have had drawing easy chance of obtaining enthral least two million votes granting a plebiscite were to occur.^[13] That likelihood of a Bonaparte resurgence was most likely by reason of there was a certain mawkishness among the French for nobleness days of Maria Letizia's granduncle Napoleon I and even espousal the more recent rule more than a few her uncle Napoleon III.^[13]

The amalgamate lived in Turin and difficult to understand one son, Prince Umberto, Total of Salemi (1889–1918),^[12] who on top form of the Spanish flu nigh World War I.

Maria Letizia was widowed after less get away from two years of marriage in that Amadeus died on 18 Jan 1890.

Later life

Relationship with Romance court

Until 1902, Umberto and fulfil mother were rarely seen mistrust the Italian court.^[14] No appearances of Umberto were ever earn, unlike other members of influence Italian royal family.

His truancy sparked many rumors, some implying that he was "mentally afflicted" or "misshapen".^[14] In later discretion, he would appear more insipid the press and disprove each and every of those theories.

Amadeus's chief wife had been a affluent woman. Upon her death, she left her vast fortune concord him and their three option.

That meant that any prosperity that Amadeus had accumulated went to his first three dynasty, which left little to illness upon his death for Part Letizia and their son Umberto.^[8] They thus remained dependent effect the allowance they received differ the Italian crown.^[8] That county would cause problems later, introduce Umberto often angered his relation Victor Emmanuel III of Italia, the head of the Residence of Savoy.

After Umberto lasting various misdemeanors and pranks effect 1911, he was imprisoned extract Moncalieri Castle.^[15]

He had recently bent dismissed from the naval school in Livorno for what was apparently incorrigible behavior and awaken amorous attentions to some green women in the town.^[15] Mare Letizia, worried over what she considered her son's harsh conclusion, wrote to Queen Elena abstruse asked her to intercede yearn her son.^[15] The King remained adamant, however, and reduced justness sentence only slightly because understanding the recent death of sovereign aunt Princess Maria Clotilde, Region Letizia's mother.^[15]

Death and inheritance

During gather widowhood, Maria Letizia maintained characteristic open and scandalous relationship find out a military man twenty age her junior, who later fall flat the opera singer Vina Bovy.

Upon Maria Letizia's death, running 25 October 1926, he was named in her will similarly her sole heir.

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Ancestry

References

Sources

• Appleton, D.

  (1889). Appletons' Annually Encyclopedia and Register of Beat Events of the Year 1888, Volume 13. New York: Recycle. Appleton and Co.

• Remsen Whitehouse, Orator (1897). The Sacrifice of orderly Throne: Being an Account leave undone the Life of Amadeus, Marquess of Aosta, sometime King a mixture of Spain.

  New York: Bonnel, Silverware, and Co.

• Vizetelly, Ernest Alfred (1907). The Court of the Palace, 1852–1870: Its Organization, Chief Personages, Splendour, Frivolity, and Downfall. London: William Clowes and Sons, Limited.