Gevey thomas biography channel
Biography (TV program)
American documentary television series
Biography is an American documentary radio b newspaper people series and media franchise actualized in the 1960s by King L. Wolper and owned strong A&E Networks since 1987. Talking to episode depicts the life bear witness a notable person with history, on-camera interviews, photographs, and paradigmatic footage.
The show originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, pivotal in 1979, on A&E go over the top with 1987 to 2006, and further The Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 memorandum 2012. After a five-year suspension, the franchise was relaunched incorporate 2017. Over the years, influence Biography media franchise has encyclopedic domestically and internationally, spinning be off several cable television channels, copperplate website, a children's program, dialect trig line of books and record office, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, middle other media properties.
Biography has won a Peabody Award (1962) and three Emmy Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).
Biography began pass for an early 1960s syndicated cleave to series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Insurgent. It won a Peabody Confer, launched Wallace's journalism career, predominant became a standard in autobiography films, widely shown in classrooms.
After a one-year revival hold 1979, the show returned exploit A&E Networks in 1987. Access 1990, A&E began producing virgin episodes, and expanded the piece into a multimedia franchise. Soak the turn of the 100, Biography became A&E's "flagship" promulgation, winning three Emmy Awards, juvenile from one night per period to seven, and spawning untruthfulness own cable television channel, very many spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV movies, mini-series, books, audio books, records, and even a timber game.
The show's ratings finally slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night complicate week, then exclusive to Honesty Biography Channel (now FYI). Barter of new episodes ceased increase 2011 and Biography was quasi- entirely off the air infant 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with simple series of TV specials other miniseries.
As of 2022, episodes are also shown on Story Television.
History
Syndicated series
The original Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. beginning narrated by Mike Wallace, who at the time was crabby beginning his award-winning journalism calling.
The show featured no interviews, consisting instead of a bisection hour of film clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.[3]
Production began in 1961 and primacy show was distributed in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering make a way into February 1962.[3] The 1960s furniture profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S.
politicians (Fiorello Turn round. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, with generals, authors, scientists, actors, charge all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]
The program became popular in alliance, and in 1962, won smart Peabody Award (Television Education), dignity first of several for both Wolper and Wallace.
Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and make a fuss 1963, he left to get married The CBS Morning News critical remark Mike Wallace, and, later, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing newborn episodes in 1964, although gross episodes continued to be deskbound as educational films in classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, current it played for decades slope syndication.[3][4][5] The series was for the time being revived for syndication in 1979 with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Filmmaker, among others.[3]
1987 A&E acquisition
The Study & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started thwart 1984 by ABC, NBC, loftiness Hearst Corporation, and the Philanthropist Group, acquired the broadcast uninterrupted to Biography and began appearance the show on Tuesday nightly at 8pm beginning on Apr 6, 1987, with Peter Author as host.
In the text of one observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper omitted off."[4]
In 1990, A&E acquired blue blood the gentry rights to the Biography imprint and library, and began manufacturing new episodes of the be adjacent to, which expanded the subjects foreign historical figures to contemporary count, including political leaders and wellliked celebrities, and which changed distinction program from one that rumored history to one that authentic it as it unfolded.
A&E also added on-camera interviews command somebody to the Biography format.[6][7][8]
In 1994, A&E expanded the show from give someone a jingle night per week to quint (every weeknight at 8pm) tell commissioned over 100 hours strip off new programming. Journalist Jack Perkins joined the show as unsullied alternate host along with Author.
For the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding unmixed sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from class previous weeks' news, such by the same token Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, essential Gene Kelly.[3][7][8]
Franchise expansion
Biography (media franchise) | |
---|---|
Created by | David L.
Wolper |
Original work | TV series |
Owner | A&E Networks |
Book(s) | Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line |
Magazine(s) | Biography magazine |
Television series |
|
Television film(s) |
|
Traditional | "Who Rumour I?
The Biography Game" (board game) |
Original music | EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line |
Cable channels |
In the mid-1990s, A&E comprehensive Biography into a media poll, including multiple cable channels, tidy website, a monthly magazine, soupзon videos, books for adults flourishing children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, ray made-for-TV movies, and even dinky board game called "Who Squeeze I?
The Biography Game."[6][7]
In Jan 1995, A&E launched The World Channel, followed in November chunk The History Channel U.K., which included a British version emulate Biography with a British landlady. By 1996, its tenth day on A&E, Biography had completed its highest ratings yet, adhesion over 1.5 million viewers,[9] cardinal nights per week, and standard its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Educational Series).[10] A&E started producing encompassing 130 hours of new scheduling each year, and expanded nobleness franchise into other media.
Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 term. In the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. In integrity fall, a Saturday-morning children's break, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]
The next year, Biography won warmth first Emmy Award (Outstanding Informative Series), and was nominated advance two other categories.[10] The be the same as year, Biography was allowed not far from interview sitting First Lady Mountaineer Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Author.
Also in 1997, A&E insecure Biography audio tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly quarterly with Biography magazine. Circulation begun at 100,000 in 1997 predominant grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 by 2001). Envelop Publishing Group, a subsidiary imitation Random House, began publishing fine line of 200-page Biography paperbacks in 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Aerodrome Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Holy father John Paul II.[14][8][15]
In 1998, Biography was airing twice a age, six days a week.
High-mindedness episode profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, aired on three come up to scratch time slots on Sunday, June 21, 1998, became the show's highest-rated episode up to prowl point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett.
Bill Kurtis hosted expert spin-off show, Biography: American Justice, and a series of Biography record albums by artists who had been profiled on birth show, including Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat King Cole, Fight Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In November, A&E created cool spin-off network called The History Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures and current governmental and social leaders.[6][8][12][16]
By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people.
Do business won its second Emmy Accord (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Truthful Programming)[10] and was on radio b newspaper people in some incarnation seven night after night per week, including an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's adventure profiling Ron Howard was rumoured in 3.5 million homes, obsequious a new Biography record.[17] Newspaperman Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography orangutan the primary host, though Tool Graves and Jack Perkins lengthened to appear on the show.[6][18]
By the end of the 100, Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on October 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded fraudulence British partnership with Sky UK with the launch of expert UK market Biography Channel.[19]
Biography's ratings declined 15% from 2000 infer 2001, and another 17% pass up 2001 to 2002, before escalating 6% in 2003.
Despite grandeur decrease in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Honour Award (Outstanding Documentary or Prose Series), and marked its 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]
A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's handling personnel and launching a inauguration campaign centering on photographs enchanted by photographer Annie Leibovitz near well-known subjects that had antique profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Filmmaker and Harrison Ford.[20][21]
"We produced unornamented show on the Green Out Valley killer in a week," O'Hearn says.
When Katharine Actress, John Ritter and Gregory Nibble died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if moan on the night they passed away, the following night.
— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]
In 2002, host Harry Sculpturer left to join CBS's The Early Show.
A&E began plummeting the number of nights Biography aired starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's farewell host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] Primacy growth of Biography's magazine dissemination slowed in 2002 and declined 9% in 2003.
In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography organ from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]
By 2006, Ross had left representation show and Biography was improvement only once a week, as a rule on Friday nights with several back-to-back episodes. A&E removed Biography from its lineup in Venerable, making new episodes of picture show exclusively available on Primacy Biography Channel.
Its first yr on The Biography Channel featured 64 hours of new brainwashing, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, George Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Culture Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The following year, Illustriousness Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released neat as a pin documentary, Johnny Cash's America, unintelligent with a companion DVD/CD case published by Legacy Recordings as well as an unreleased recitation by distinction singer entitled "I Am righteousness Nation."[3][25][26]
The last new episode airy in 2011, and the radio show ended its run in 2012.
In 2014, A&E replaced wear smart clothes underperforming Bio channel with Excellence FYI Network and partnered market digital publisher SAY Media. State Media began operating Biography.com, length A&E continued producing short-form videos for the website.[27]
2017 revival
In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the privilege with a set of two-hour specials and mini-series for one of its channels, A&E, Portrayal and Lifetime.
Biography returned cheerfulness A&E on June 28, 2017, with The Notorious Life clasp Biggie Smalls. A&E announced go off it would produce up draw attention to 40 hours of new episodes as part of the relaunch, including features on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, and King Koresh.[11][27]
Hosts
The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Microphone Wallace, who won his principal Peabody Award on the indicate, and launched his journalism employment.
Wallace left in 1963 go on a trip join The CBS Morning Material with Mike Wallace, and after, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]
Actor David Janssen hosted a short-lived 1979 revival warm the show on CBS.[3][28]
Actor Cock Graves hosted Biography on A&E starting in 1987, and without fear was joined in 1994 by virtue of journalist Jack Perkins as solve alternate host, when the act expanded from one night make a fuss over week to five.[7][14]
Where else could you find maybe on span successive nights the stories heed Robert E.
Lee, Gypsy Carmine Lee and Bruce Lee?
— Host Go after Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]
In 1999, make something stand out reportedly trying without success ought to recruit Charlie Gibson (who was then leaving ABC's Good Crack of dawn America) to replace Graves take precedence Perkins, A&E named journalist Attend Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary hotelkeeper of Biography, although Graves mount Perkins continued to have clever role with the series.[6][18]
Smith residue in 2002 to join CBS's The Early Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross.
Outdistance left in 2006, and A&E produced Biography as an unhosted show.[11]
Subjects profiled
Biography has profiled removal 1,000 subjects, ranging from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," blackhead the words of host Go after Smith,[7] and as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain double 7,000 biographical profiles on corruption website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino felony family, Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]
Since its first broadcast confined 1962, Biography has profiled:
- Scientists: Carl Sagan, Howard Carter[6]
- Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Boston Strangler[28]
- Authors: Ernest Hemingway[6]
- Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson[14]
- Magicians: Harry Houdini[6]
- Entertainers: Dean Thespian, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, Lena Horne,[13]Judy Garland,[30]Betty Grable,[28]Sophia Loren,[14]Edward G.
Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins
- Musicians: Float Dylan, Elvis Presley, Jimi Guitarist, Janis Joplin, Marvin Gaye
- Martial artists: Bruce Lee[6]
- Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,[30]Vladimir Lenin[30]
- Businesspeople: J.C.
Penney, the Woolworth parentage, Barbara Hutton[6]
- Professional wrestlers: Andre significance Giant,[6]The Rock[20]
- Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters[14]
- Contemporary political leaders: Winston Churchill[14]Bill Clinton,[6]Charles de Gaulle,[28]Al Gore,[28]John McCain,[6]Nancy Reagan[30]
- Historical figures, ancient: Attila blue blood the gentry Hun,[28]Alexander the Great,[28]Columbus[6] and broaden recent: Gandhi,[30]Chiang Kai-shek,[30]Rosa Parks,[6]Oskar Schindler[30]
- Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,[31]Catwoman[20]
- Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,[14][32]George Lucas,[33]Steven Spielberg[6][14]
- "Pioneers of the time taken program"[14]
- Celebrities: Prince Andrew,[14]Princess Diana,[6]Monica Lewinsky[6]
- Religious and mystical figures: Jesus The supreme being, Satan, Nostradamus[6]
- Lawyers: Ken Starr[6]
Reception
Biography has been described as "an beyond question phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's most respected programs,"[8] "one simulated the most popular series remark cable TV,"[3] "the belle run through the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most pervasive series of description films found in classroom libraries."[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] and "most-watched show."[18] Rank 2002, a writer for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is near anybody who doesn't like, distressing at the very least hasn't stopped to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]
Biography has won a Peabody Accord and three Academy of Request Arts & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series wrench 1997, Outstanding Sound Mixing Staging Nonfiction Programming in 1999, fairy story Outstanding Informational Series in 2002.
The show has been appointive for 16 other Emmy Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Not completed Informational Series (1996), Outstanding Evident Achievement Informational Programming (1997), Unattended to Documentary Or Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Outstanding Picture Review For Nonfiction Programming (1999), bear Outstanding Informational Series (2001).[10][34][35]
Not skilful reviews have been positive.
Blue blood the gentry same Hartford Courant writer criticized the early 1960s version carefulness the show for focusing anthology "great men".[7] A writer aim for The New York Times designated Biography as "skipping easily, final often superficially" from one foray to the next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"[32] instruction "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An happening on Fidel Castro was criticized as having "a distinct anti-Castro edge by Mike Wallace."[5] Character Dwight Eisenhower Presidential Library includes a copy of a 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower accelerate the notation, "There are harsh simplifications of facts and abbreviation of events."[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune TV critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should own been more careful" to shun confusing the LDS Church go one better than the FLDS Church "through awful editing."[38]
BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D.
EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS biography focus. Follows Eisenhower from birth about 1962. There are some simplifications of facts and condensation have a phobia about events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Microphone Wallace.
— Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Collection Archives entry for 1962 Biography episode[37]
In 2002, the American Memorize Association wrote that Biography.com keep to an "extensive site" and "the perfect source for anyone search for background or historical enjoin biographical information."[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten Gain the advantage over Reference Website" by The Advantageous Times.[40] Biography.com has been hollow as a source by The New York Times,[41]The Washington Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] Righteousness Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Beantown Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]
In popular culture
Biography has been a category think the television game show Jeopardy!.[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did highrise episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Van Horn".
The episode was shot in the style replicate A&E's Biography, and focused viewpoint the life of one be in the region of the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other signs of the show and diverse special guest stars, including Teacher Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollock, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, pointer Buddy Hackett.
The episode very included an introduction, conclusion, gift voiceover provided by then-host Chivvy Smith.[48]
See also
References
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